In the subgroup analysis between the AF group and the non-AF group, we found that the overall difference was consistent with the difference in the non-AF group, that is, the NEP level was significantly higher in the non-AF group after treatment than before treatment(P = 0.017), and the intervention group BNP levels decreased after sacubitril/valsartan treatment (P = 0.007) (Fig 2). Here, NPPB is linked to atrial fibrillation.