To determine the significance of extended survival in those de novo primary GBM-bearing mice with IL-1 targeting, we used a clinically relevant TMZ dose of 25 mg/kg administered daily by oral gavage for 2 weeks, which provided a significant survival advantage compared with vehicle-treated animals (8.5 days), which was comparable to anti–IL-1b local targeting (Supplemental Figure 28, A and B). This evidence concerns the gene IL1A and glioblastoma.