For example, the overexpression of LARG in breast and CRC cells demonstrated diminished cell proliferation and colony formation, as along with a significantly decreased cell migration rate in CRC cells, whereas APAF1 played a key role in apoptosis and was significantly downregulated in colon cancer cells (Ong et al., 2009; Han et al., 2018). Here, ARHGEF12 is linked to colonic neoplasm.