Although immune and inflammation mechanisms have been identified in the pathogenesis of abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) (46), our results have illustrated for the first time that Ang II, a well-documented risk factor for vascular disease, bypasses HFD-induced metabolic reprogramming and accelerates HFD-induced trained immunity specifically in the abdominal aorta but not in the thoracic aorta of ApoE-KO mice (47). Here, APOE is linked to abdominal aortic aneurysm.