Soluble cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF), interferons (IFNs), and interleukin 6 (IL6) have been linked to hematologic neoplasms related to aging, including myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN), myelodysplastic syndromes, and AML33–35. This evidence concerns the gene TNF and hematopoietic and lymphoid system neoplasm.