In this case, A. lancea and Prabchopoothaweep remedy alone downregulated the production of ICAM-1, VCAM-1, and CD36 on day 13 post-infection, while the expression of ICAM-1, VCAM-1, and CD36 was significantly lower than that in the Art-AL and Art-PT combination treatment groups. Here, VCAM1 is linked to infection.