AFP and neoplasm: Studies have identified risk factors that associated with recurrence after curative resection, including macrovascular/microvascular invasion, tumor size greater than 5 centimeters in diameter, multiple nodes, positive resection margin or resection margin less than 1 centimeter, hepatitis B virus infection and AFP greater than 400ng/L(Imamura et al. 2003; Wang et al. 2020; Zeng et al. 2022).