Recently, a small number of instances have proven that β-catenin can be found in serum and may be related to the progression of type 2 diabetes, PTEN hamartoma tumor syndrome, early-onset ulcerative colitis, hepatitis C, and hepatitis B. These results revealed that serum disease-associated indicators may be identified by β-catenin [47]. This evidence concerns the gene PTEN and hepatitis C virus infection.