This metabolite is produced from linoleic acid hydroperoxides via the LOX pathway and has previously been found to be elevated in the serum of patients with Alzheimer’s disease (Lu et al., 2017) and primary Sjogren’s syndrome (Han et al., 2022), as well as being a potential predictor of diabetic macular edema in older type 2 diabetes patients (Rhee et al., 2021). This evidence concerns the gene LOX and type 2 diabetes mellitus.