GSR and fetal growth restriction: Glutathione reductase was one of several antioxidant proteins for which hepatic gene expression was downregulated in IUGR-born neonatal piglets and rats (Tarry-Adkins et al., 2016; Niu et al., 2019), which culminated in an almost 50% reduction in total antioxidant capacity of the liver (He et al., 2018; Niu et al., 2019).