VEGFA and macular retinal edema: Corticosteroids are very potent anti-inflammatory agents, capable of blocking several pathological processes and playing a certain role in macular edema development in several ways: the inhibition of VEGF synthesis, prostaglandins, and a considerable number of proinflammatory cytokines; stabilization of endothelial cell tight junctions; leukocyte migration prevention; and the reduction of fibrin deposition (Chang-Lin et al., 2011).