MTOR and cancer: The most recent data on cancer stem cells (CSC) revealed, however, that liver cancer is linked to defective signaling pathways and its receptors, including transforming growth factor (TGF) [8], vascular endothelial growth factor, fibroblast growth factor, Wnt/mitogen-activated protein kinases, phosphoinositide 3-kinase, mechanistic target of rapamycin, and Hedgehog pathways [9].