We found that adeno-associated virus (AAV)-mediated ectopic expression of the PHGDH-T57A defective in binding to 3-PGA, significantly elevated the levels of p53-Ser58 (the mouse homolog of human p53-Ser46, see ref. 63) phosphorylation, in a dominant-positive manner, in both the tumor and non-tumor liver tissues from HCC mice (Fig. 5a, c; Supplementary information, Fig. S4c, see validation data of p53-Ser58 antibody in Supplementary information, Fig. S4b). This evidence concerns the gene PHGDH and hepatocellular carcinoma.