WT1 and acute myeloid leukemia: In 2005, Jarnjak-Jankovic showed that a DC-pulsed tumor mRNA vaccine triggered specific T-cell responses against leukemia cells in vitro.178 Subsequently, Driessche et al. reported a phase I clinical study with dose escalation of an autologous DC-pulsed mRNA vaccine encoding WT1 in 10 patients with AML.179 Patients were administered intradermal injections every 2 weeks, receiving 5, 10, or 20 × 106 DC in the ventromedial region of the thigh or upper arm.