In 2011, Fotin-Mleczek et al. reported the use of a two-component mRNA vaccine (protamine-complexed) encoding TLR7 and tumor antigen Gallus gallus OVA, HsPSMA, or HsSTEAP for treating T-cell lymphoma in an E. G7-OVA-based mouse model, in which E. G7-OVA is a mouse T-cell lymphoma cell line stably expressing Gallus gallus OVA.186 The vaccine triggered antigen-specific CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell responses, and sustained immune memory, and the vaccination mediated a strong antitumour response in both prophylactic and therapeutic contexts. Here, TLR7 is linked to T-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma.