To discover the changes in ACOX1 in ccRCC, based on the TCGA database, a significant down-regulation of ACOX1 was observed in patients with ccRCC (n = 533) compared with the normal control tissues (n = 72 [10.52 ± 0.41 vs 11.43 ± 0.63, P < 0.01]; Figure 1a). This evidence concerns the gene ACOX1 and nonpapillary renal cell carcinoma.