CD8A and infection: To address these questions, we performed supervised and unsupervised immunophenotypic analyses of IRs (PD-1, TIGIT, LAG-3, TIM-3, CD39), and functional markers (CD107a, IFNγ, and IL-2) across the landscape of CD8+ T-cells over a decade of ART in PLWH and compared to PLWH with early infection and healthy individuals.