ERN1 and cancer: Both treatments with IRE1 inhibitors alone or in combination with other cancer drugs have been shown to be effective against many tumors in both in vitro and in vivo models as well as some in clinical treatments (Table 1) (Logue et al. 2018; Sun et al. 2016; Ri et al. 2012; Jiang et al. 2016; Harnoss et al. 2019).