Humoral responses were induced without adjuvantupon targeting CD11c in BALB/c mice.208 Furthermore, tumor-reactive CD4+ and CD8+ Tcells were observed in BALB/c mice upon delivery of HER2/neu usinganti-CD11c antibody fragments.209 In contrast,plasmid DNA vaccination of B6 mice with CD11c-targeted tuberculosisantigen did not increase T cell activation compared to a nontargetingvariant, whereas DEC205 targeting did.210 It is hypothesized that the vaccine format, as well as the mousestrain, can influence the outcome. The gene discussed is CD4; the disease is neoplasm.