It has been revealed that both TGF-β and its multiple receptors are highly expressed in chordoma, where TGF-β is mainly secreted by microenvironmental fibroblasts and macrophages, which can both drive tumor cell EMT progression and enhance their own malignant ability, and also regulate the immune microenvironment by converting CD4+ T cells into Treg cells, regulating NK cells and other functions. Here, TGFB1 is linked to neoplasm.