NPPA and heart failure: Moreover, treatment with ISO increased the heart weight to tibia length (HW/TL), heart weight to body weight (HW/BW) and the mRNA levels of cardiac failure and hypertrophy markers ANF (atrial natriuretic factor) BNP (brain natriuretic peptide), and hypertrophy marker β-MHC (β-myosin heavy chain) (Supplementary Figures S1M–O).