RAF1 and rectal cancer: Xu et al. (Xu et al., 2018) investigated the effects of Curcumae Rhizoma oil on the protein expression of death factor receptor (Fas), secreted immune factors (Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2), Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), interleukin-10 (IL-10)), and the oncogene C-Raf transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-β1) in SW1463 rectal cancer cells and found that the protein expression of IL-10, TLR2, TLR4, and C-Raf was significantly reduced in cells from the Curcumae Rhizoma oil concentration group (p < 0.01).