Taken together, these studies indicate a clinical relevance for the CALCA system in the pathophysiology of sFLT-1-induced hypertension as it occurs in women with PE that imposes a major risk for cardiovascular disease in future and in non-pregnant women with a history of PE (Mongraw-Chaffin et al., 2010; Saxena et al., 2010; Hui and Hladunewich, 2019). The gene discussed is CALCA; the disease is cardiovascular disorder.