As an oxidative stress sensor, HIF-1α is involved in many biological processes in response to systemic oxygen levels.40–45 Rox is a first PHD inhibitor to stimulate HIF-1α expression and activity and was approved by FDA in 2018 for the treatment of anaemia in patients with chronic kidney disease and in patients with myelodysplastic syndromes. Here, PDC is linked to anemia (phenotype).