TAMs are the most common immune cells found in the tumor microenvironment, promoting tumor growth, invasion, and metastasis.Because tumor cells produce various cytokines and chemokines to adapt the TME to their needs, high serum levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-1 β, IL-6, IL-8, IL-12, and IL-18 have been found in several types of cancer, including lung cancer [81]. This evidence concerns the gene CXCL8 and neoplasm.