Our study focuses on two diseases with known dysregulation of IL-1 cytokine production: FMF, the most prevalent monogenic autoinflammatory disease worldwide, and gout, which is the most common form of inflammatory arthritis, as well as chronic granulomatous disease (CGD) which is a rare inherited primary immunodeficiency disorder with hyperinflammatory characteristics [20–22]. This evidence concerns the gene IL1B and gout.