For example, we found that ATP2B4, which encodes plasma membrane calcium ATPase PMCA4 that catalyzes the hydrolysis of ATP coupled with transport of Ca2+ from the cytoplasm to the extracellular milieu, showed ~2.0-fold higher expression in C9-ALS vs. control astrocytes in both cortical regions (Fig. 3a, b). The gene discussed is ATP2B4; the disease is amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.