To examine whether constitutive activation of GNAS correlates with reduced CXCL9/10/11 expression in human cancers, we focused on pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PAAD) and liver hepatocellular carcinoma (LIHC), as these two cancer types contained more than 3 cases with GNAS R201C/H/L mutations occurring at greater than 1% of patients (Fig. 7A). Here, CXCL9 is linked to cancer.