As a result, DSF/Cu+IR upregulated an array of pro-inflammatory chemokine and cytokine genes (Fig. 1e), increased cell membrane expression of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-related apoptosis-inducing ligand receptor 1 (TRAILR1) and TRAILR228,29 (Fig. 1f), and increased the CAR T cell targeted antigens, chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan 4 (CSPG4) and B7-H3, the tumor-associated antigens expressed by many tumor types, were chosen as targets for CAR T cells30,31 (Fig. 1g and Supplementary Fig. 2). Here, TNF is linked to neoplasm.