In addition, IHC analysis of IPMN cases with and without pancreatic cancer showed that all tissues with pancreatic cancer had a defect in the N-terminus of EphA2, which was detected in both high-grade and some low-grade IPMN cases, suggesting that EphA2 cleavage occurred regardless of histologic grade. This evidence concerns the gene EPHA2 and familial pancreatic carcinoma.