The mean values for serum EphA2-NF in the validation cohort were 75.6 pg/mL for pancreatic cancer cases (n = 472), 46.9 pg/mL for IPMN (n = 16), and 46.6 pg/mL for PNET (n = 19; Fig. 3A; Supplementary Table S3). Here, EPHA2 is linked to primitive neuroectodermal tumor.