To confirm whether pancreatic cancer carcinogenesis can be detected by serum EphA2-NF, we performed ROC analysis using IPMN sera, including very early-stage pancreatic cancer that may not be detected by imaging tests because pancreatic cancer develops annually in only approximately 1% of IPMN cases. The gene discussed is EPHA2; the disease is pancreatic intraductal papillary-mucinous neoplasm.