TNF and geroderma osteodysplastica: In a primary culture of orbital fibroblasts from GO patients and control subjects treated with H2O2 to induce OS, the antioxidants vitamin C, N-acetyl-L-cysteine, melatonin, retinol, β-carotene and vitamin E were found to reduce the manifestations OS (proliferation of fibroblasts, the level of hyaluronic acid, the level of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), IFN-γ and IL1-β, which provided the basis for the possible clinical use of these substances in patients with GO (87).