In a rat model of traumatic ALI, miR-124-3p transferred by MSC-derived EVs could improve oxidative stress injury and inhibit inflammatory response through directly targeting and downregulating purinergic receptor P2X ligand-gated ion channel 7 (P2X7), which was overexpressed in traumatic ALI rats (128). The gene discussed is P2RX7; the disease is acute respiratory distress syndrome.