APOB and atherosclerosis: Recent studies also suggest that apolipoprotein B (ApoB) containing lipoproteins, including triglyceride-rich lipoproteins (TRL) and their residues, as well as lipoprotein a) [Lp(a)], are not only involved in the pathophysiology of ASCVD but may also be associated with events such as atherosclerotic thrombosis (Ference et al., 2017).