To further assess the translational relevance of our findings, we performed single-cell transcriptomic analysis of 70,594 antigen-experienced CD4+ T cells isolated from the blood and 16,575 such cells isolated from the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of four untreated participants with MS and four control participants who had been diagnosed with idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH; Fig. 7a, for details, see Methods). Here, CD4 is linked to myeloid sarcoma.