By analyzing the relationship between clinical characteristics and the expression of CPS1 and SMS, we found that the expression of CPS1 was higher in men, but no significant differences were found in pathological and TNM stages (Supplementary Fig. S8C); meanwhile, the expression of SMS differed among different pathological stages and T and N stages, and the expression of SMS increased with increasing stages, which might represent the correlation between SMS and tumor metastasis (Fig. 7J). This evidence concerns the gene CPS1 and neoplasm.