AFP and hepatocellular carcinoma: Because of the unsatisfactory sensitivity and specificity of AFP, a more frequent determination of AFP combined with more sophisticated imaging techniques, CT and MRI, is unlikely to be effective.8,13 Although there are concerns about the thresholds and how to estimate patients’ HCC risk, HCC risk-based surveillance seems to be the potential ideal, tailored approach to decreasing HCC deaths and costs, particularly when strategies combining the simultaneous use of multiple blood biomarkers are applied.