The characterization of the EV small RNA transcriptome coupled with the use of curated databases of miRNA-mRNA targets allowed us to identify several mRNA targets of differentially abundant miRNAs (between individuals with and without CRS) that are part of the TGF-β signaling network and demonstrated that these specific mRNAs were altered in renal tubular cells on the KOC. This evidence concerns the gene TGFB1 and congenital rubella syndrome.