IFNB1 and Zika virus infectious disease: While most studies evaluate IFN transcripts as surrogates for IFN expression, a discrepancy between IFNβ/IFNλ induction and secretion has also been reported following ZIKV infection of dendritic cells, peripheral blood mononuclear cells, fetal neural progenitor cells, and placental macrophages (9, 37, 39, 40).