PTGS2 and diabetes mellitus: In contrast, other studies have linked the expression of the PTGS2/COX2 isoform in beta cells to the development of pathological processes in diabetes, e.g., exposure of mouse and human islets to hyperglycaemic conditions, in culture in case of human, and in vivo, in diabetic mice, induced PTGS2/COX2 expression and activation 43, 44.