Previous publications presented case reports, semi-quantitative data or smaller cohorts.7 Here, we observed in FTLD-tau that: (i) microglia did not seem phenotypically active but are associated with the presence of pTau epitopes; (ii) astrocytes are reactive and may be functionally altered, especially with regards to glutamate cycling; and (iii) the presence of T lymphocyte infiltration, mainly in PiD, associated with expression of chemokines/cytokines related to T cell recruitment and/or survival, particularly MIP1α/CCL3 and IL15, respectively. This evidence concerns the gene CCL3 and pelvic inflammatory disease.