Moreover, BRCA1 mutations can activate the S100A9–CXCL12–pSTAT3 axis to induce myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) accumulation, further establishing an immunosuppressive environment for tumorigenesis, and blockade of S100A9–CXCL10 could diminish immunosuppressive niches and inhibit cancer initiation and growth in the mouse model (Li et al., 2022). The gene discussed is S100A9; the disease is cancer.