NPM1 and acute myeloid leukemia: Currently, PCR-based approaches for MRD testing and AML patients are limited to approximately 40% to 60% of patients harboring targetable mutations, including NPM1, RUNX1-RUNX1T1, CBFB-MYH11, PML-RARA, KMT2A-MLLT3, DEK-NUP214, BCR-ABL, and WT1. Recent data suggest that PCR-based approaches for certain mutations (NPM-1 and FLT3-ITD) have prognostic value in relapse prediction, indicating the importance of NGS-based testing as an MRD tool (45).