Moreover, recent study found that hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)−1 and HIF-2 in GBM cells jointly mediate upregulation of the mRNA and protein expression levels of the BCAAs transporter LAT 1 and the BCAAs metabolizing enzyme BCAT1, and ultimately promote the growth of cells under hypoxia conditions.63 Furthermore, BCAT 1 is selectively upregulated in isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) wild-type (WT) GBM, and α-ketoglutarate (α-KG) mediates cell death in BCAT 1-deficient IDH WT GBM. Here, IDH3A is linked to glioblastoma.