Interestingly, several phenotypic aspects of Cav1.3AG mice recapitulate observations in different hyperdopaminergic DA transporter (DAT) mouse models, such as mice deficient of DAT (KO; refs. 69–71) or expressing missense variants causing abnormal DA efflux (T356M identified in a patient with ASD; A559V associated with ADHD, ASD, and bipolar disorder; refs. 72–74). Here, SLC6A3 is linked to bipolar disorder.