RARA and acute kidney injury: To determine whether RAR signaling is activated in human AKI, we evaluated bulk RNA-Seq and single nuclear RNA-Seq (snRNA-Seq) data obtained from a validated cohort of samples from patients with severe SA-AKI (see Supplemental Methods for a summary of the clinical and validation criteria used for these studies; supplemental material available online with this article; https://doi.org/10.1172/jci.insight.173144DS1) (49).