These A. emodin nanoparticles cleaved Cas‐3, Poly (ADP‐ribose) polymerase (PARP), Cas‐8 and Cas‐9 and simultaneously activated MAPKs and inhibited PI3K/AKT, leading to marked inhibition of cancer cell proliferation, induced cell cycle arrest and apoptosis.206. Here, EFS is linked to cancer.