Our results preliminarily uncover that the H3K18 lactylation/NFκB signaling axis in senescent microglia can aggravate brain aging and AD phenotype by potentiating SASP, which is partly in agreement with a previous study reporting an H4K12 lactylation/PKM2 positive feedback loop in microglia that drives the pathogenesis of AD [24, 25]. The gene discussed is PKM; the disease is Alzheimer disease.