In contrast, the female1 group, which was likewise expressed in T2D model state (Fig. 6c), contained multiple genes previously reported to be upregulated in pregnancy23,134 (Supplementary Table 11) as well as genes related to insulin secretion (Chgb)135 and stress response (Mapk4 and Gpx3)136,137. Here, GPX3 is linked to type 2 diabetes mellitus.