IL13 and asthma: Common allergens or proteases such as Alternaria alternata, papain, and house dust mites (HDM) activate ILC2s within hours, and these cells produce copious amounts of IL-13 and IL-5 that contribute to asthma-like features in mice, such as eosinophil infiltration, AHR, airway hypertrophy, and mucus hypersecretion12,15,16.