Nevertheless, an implication of HERV-W in neurodegeneration and white matter repair was further supported by clinical trials on a HERV-W ENV neutralizing antibody termed temelimab as a significant reduction in brain atrophy levels as well as improved myelin integrity were observed in treated MS patients but also relied upon an indirect analysis, i.e., MRI (19). Here, ERVW-1 is linked to myeloid sarcoma.