These pathological conditions of metabolic syndrome induce inflammation in the cardiac tissue; increase in tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP1), and interleukin 1β (IL-1β), all of which are M1 macrophage markers and important pathological characteristics in HFD-induced myocardial injury.16 This evidence concerns the gene TNF and metabolic syndrome.